A wound can be defined as infected when the presence and subsequent proliferation of microorganisms leads to a local or systemic response in an individual. Wound infection is associated with delayed healing, wound chronicity, increased risk of hospital admission, loss of limb or digit and increased healthcare costs. The presence of biofilm is also recognised as a challenge in infected wounds and is associated with chronicity and delays in healing. Identifying and managing wound infection early can contribute to faster wound healing, thus reducing the risk of negative outcomes. This article details the pathophysiology, risk factors and signs and symptoms of wound infection. It also outlines various prevention and management options for wound infection.