People who are neurodivergent, including autistic people, may perceive the world differently from neurotypical people. At times, this can prompt them to demonstrate so-called ‘behaviour that challenges’, which may be better termed ‘distressed behaviour’. Distressed behaviour can occur for several reasons, from processing information to feeling unwell, tired or hungry. Some people with learning disabilities are autistic and this may increase the likelihood that they will demonstrate distressed behaviour. It is crucial that healthcare professionals who work with people with learning disabilities understand neurodivergence and are equipped to respond effectively to distressed behaviour in neurodivergent service users.

This article supports these healthcare professionals to improve the quality of life of service users and those around them by understanding neurodivergence better and developing appropriate strategies for responding to distressed behaviour.