Chronic wounds can be burdensome for patients and are associated with a loss of independence and social withdrawal. Additionally, there are challenges for healthcare services in providing care over a long period of time and across different acute and community settings. Patients with chronic wounds require a holistic assessment of their health and their wound, undertaken by healthcare professionals with knowledge of the wound healing process. Patients and carers may benefit from education and greater involvement in their wound care, since this can lead to increased independence, a sense of control and improved well-being. This article outlines the elements of an optimal wound assessment and explains how this can inform effective decision-making about appropriate care and management interventions. It also discusses how healthcare professionals can promote patient involvement and self-management of chronic wounds.