This article explores the barriers to primary care research, and considers what is required to conduct research more effectively and to widen opportunities for patients to participate. The literature was reviewed for evidence-based strategies to increase recruitment to clinical trials, focusing on primary care and cross-border collaboration. The review established that several factors need to be in place in primary care to deliver research more effectively. These include adequate funding and resources, collaborative working, early involvement with primary care and clinician engagement, a commitment to research, early feasibility planning, patient education and empowerment, and creative ways to recruit and retain patients in studies.

Opportunities for primary care staff to become involved in clinical research are expanding and support is available through local National Institute for Health Research Clinical Research Networks. Engagement from GPs, nurse practitioners and general practice nurses is crucial for clinical research to become a care option in primary and secondary care.