This is the second of three articles exploring skill analysis, assisting readers to evaluate a practice skill of their choice. Sometimes evaluations are made against external reference points, the competencies of the registered nurse or a job description for a post eagerly sought after; sometimes they are made with reference to aspirations – an ideal of the skill in use that the nurse and colleagues admire. Nurses may be understandably anxious about the evaluation of practice skills, as they work in a performance-orientated world where they are judged on whether their practice is competent, safe, ethical, cost effective and efficient. Nonetheless, understanding the strengths and weaknesses of a chosen practice skill is central to practice development. If the skill is to be affirmed, improved or adjusted, it is necessary to evaluate the skill in use.