Patient rehabilitation following lower limb amputation is essential to provide optimum patient outcomes and to improve the amputee’s quality of life. The age of the patient and the stump length or level of amputation emerge as dominant factors affecting the outcome of rehabilitation. A variety of outcome measures are available to assess the patient’s rehabilitative potential to maximise functional ability. This article focuses on the factors affecting rehabilitation, outcome measures to assess rehabilitative potential and the nurse’s role in providing care for patients following lower limb amputation.