Victoria Samuel and colleagues investigate the use of images o volcanoes in anger management programmes for people with learning disabilities. Implications for the use of metaphorical imageries in such programmes are also discussed

Anger is a subjective emotional state involving physiological arousal and cognitions of hostility which can precede aggressive behaviour (Novaco 1994). Angry feelings and poor anger control are commonly experienced by clients with learning disabilities (Smith et al 1996, Sigafoos et al 1994), particularly those referred to services (Walker and Cheseldine 1997, Williner et al 2002). The life circumstances of such people are characterised by limited social interaction, minority status, prejudice and minimal control – all factors that can trigger anger (Moore et al 1997, Clegg 1993). In particular, it has been noted that aspects of the environment in institutional settings tend to provoke feelings of frustration, helplessness and injustice (Taylor 2002) resulting in elevated rates of anger and aggression (Sigafoos et al 1994).