Homeostasis can be described as the dynamic process within an organism designed to maintain a relatively constant internal environment that is conducive to the optimal functioning of cells, enzymes and organs. To regulate physiological variables, homeostasis relies on mechanisms called negative and positive feedback loops. However, certain factors can disrupt homeostatic processes, leading to dysregulation and disease. This article provides an overview of homeostasis, including negative and positive feedback loops and dysregulation. The authors use a fictional case study – an adolescent girl with type 1 diabetes who develops diabetic ketoacidosis – to illustrate the adverse effects of homeostatic dysregulation and demonstrate the relevance of understanding homeostasis in children’s nursing.