Diabetes is an increasingly common complication in adolescents and adults with cystic fibrosis. However, there is little research on the physical and psychological effects of having both cystic fibrosis and diabetes. Some individuals find it difficult to cope with the increased burden of a second chronic disease. Nurses and other healthcare professionals should endeavour to identify appropriate ways to support these individuals. This article provides an overview of cystic fibrosis-related diabetes, including diagnosis, treatment, nutrition and other important factors.